This README.txt file was generated on 2025-07-2 by Edward Bair GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Title of Dataset: SPIReS: Western USA snow cover and snow surface properties, water years 2001-2024 2. Author Information A. Principal Investigator Contact Information Name: Edward Bair Institution: Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara Address: 6832 Ellison Hall University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106-3060 Email: nbair@rei.ucsb.edu 3. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date) : 2000-10-1 through 2024-9-30 4. Geographic location of data collection : Western USA SHARING/ACCESS INFORMATION 1. Licenses/restrictions placed on the data: Apache License Version 2.0, January 2004 http://www.apache.org/licenses/ TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION 1. Definitions. "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction, and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document. 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While redistributing the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer, and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity, or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify, defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work. To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include the brackets!) The text should be enclosed in the appropriate comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a file or class name and description of purpose be included on the same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier identification within third-party archives. Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. 2. Links to publications that cite or use the data: Bair, E.H., Stillinger, T., and Dozier, J. (2021) Snow Property Inversion from Remote Sensing (SPIReS), IEEE Transactions on Remote Sensing and Geoscience, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2020.3040328 3. Links to other publicly accessible locations of the data: 4. Links/relationships to ancillary data sets: 5. Was data derived from another source? yes A. If yes, list source(s): Vermote, E., Wolfe, R. (2015). MOD09GA MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 1km and 500m SIN Grid V006 [Data set]. NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC. Accessed 2021-10-12 from https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD09GA.006 6. Recommended citation for this dataset: Bair, E.H., SPIReS": Western USA fractional snow cover, grain size, and impurity concentration, water years 2001-2021, version 1, Santa Barbara, CA USA, Earth Research Institute, doi: [tbd], [date accessed] DATA & FILE OVERVIEW 1. File List: 2. Relationship between files, if important: 3. Additional related data collected that was not included in the current data package: 4. Are there multiple versions of the dataset? no A. If yes, name of file(s) that was updated: i. Why was the file updated? ii. When was the file updated? METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION 1. Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Bair, E.H., Stillinger, T., and Dozier, J. (2021) Snow Property Inversion from Remote Sensing (SPIReS), IEEE Transactions on Remote Sensing and Geoscience, doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2020.3040328 2. Methods for processing the data: 3. Instrument- or software-specific information needed to interpret the data: https://github.com/edwardbair/SPIRES/tree/master/MODIS_HDF 4. Standards and calibration information, if appropriate: 5. Environmental/experimental conditions: 6. Describe any quality-assurance procedures performed on the data: 7. People involved with sample collection, processing, analysis and/or submission: DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION FOR: 2001.h5 (example water year) 1. Number of variables: 5 2. Number of cases/rows: 4500x4500x365 3. Variable List: The projection is the Western US Albers with 500 m pixels. The h5 files can be read with several software packages. We use MATLAB. The h5 files contain: MATLAB matdates, geographic information, spacetime cubes of snow fraction, raw (unadjusted) snow fraction, grain size (um), and dust (ppm). The spacetime cubes are each one day, begin on 10-1 and end on 9-30. For example, in MATLAB, this shows the structure of the WY 2021 h5 file. 5disp('mosaic2021.h5') HDF5 mosaic2021.h5 Group '/' Attributes: 'MATLABdates': 738065.000000 738066.000000 738067.000000 738068.000000 738069.000000 738070.000000 738071.000000 738072.000000 738073.000000 738074.000000 738075.000000 738076.000000 738077.000000 738078.000000 738079.000000 738080.000000 738081.000000 738082.000000 738083.000000 738084.000000 738085.000000 738086.000000 738087.000000 738088.000000 738089.000000 738090.000000 738091.000000 738092.000000 738093.000000 738094.000000 738095.000000 738096.000000 738097.000000 738098.000000 738099.000000 738100.000000 738101.000000 738102.000000 738103.000000 738104.000000 738105.000000 738106.000000 738107.000000 738108.000000 738109.000000 738110.000000 738111.000000 738112.000000 738113.000000 738114.000000 738115.000000 738116.000000 738117.000000 738118.000000 738119.000000 738120.000000 738121.000000 738122.000000 738123.000000 738124.000000 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738409.000000 738410.000000 738411.000000 738412.000000 738413.000000 738414.000000 738415.000000 738416.000000 738417.000000 738418.000000 738419.000000 738420.000000 738421.000000 738422.000000 738423.000000 738424.000000 738425.000000 738426.000000 738427.000000 738428.000000 738429.000000 'ISOdates': 2020275.000000 2020276.000000 2020277.000000 2020278.000000 2020279.000000 2020280.000000 2020281.000000 2020282.000000 2020283.000000 2020284.000000 2020285.000000 2020286.000000 2020287.000000 2020288.000000 2020289.000000 2020290.000000 2020291.000000 2020292.000000 2020293.000000 2020294.000000 2020295.000000 2020296.000000 2020297.000000 2020298.000000 2020299.000000 2020300.000000 2020301.000000 2020302.000000 2020303.000000 2020304.000000 2020305.000000 2020306.000000 2020307.000000 2020308.000000 2020309.000000 2020310.000000 2020311.000000 2020312.000000 2020313.000000 2020314.000000 2020315.000000 2020316.000000 2020317.000000 2020318.000000 2020319.000000 2020320.000000 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2021219.000000 2021220.000000 2021221.000000 2021222.000000 2021223.000000 2021224.000000 2021225.000000 2021226.000000 2021227.000000 2021228.000000 2021229.000000 2021230.000000 2021231.000000 2021232.000000 2021233.000000 2021234.000000 2021235.000000 2021236.000000 2021237.000000 2021238.000000 2021239.000000 2021240.000000 2021241.000000 2021242.000000 2021243.000000 2021244.000000 2021245.000000 2021246.000000 2021247.000000 2021248.000000 2021249.000000 2021250.000000 2021251.000000 2021252.000000 2021253.000000 2021254.000000 2021255.000000 2021256.000000 2021257.000000 2021258.000000 2021259.000000 2021260.000000 2021261.000000 2021262.000000 2021263.000000 2021264.000000 2021265.000000 2021266.000000 2021267.000000 2021268.000000 2021269.000000 2021270.000000 2021271.000000 2021272.000000 2021273.000000 Group '/Grid' Attributes: 'mapprojection': 'eqaconicstd' 'angleunits': 'degrees' 'aspect': 'normal' 'falsenorthing': 0.000000 'falseeasting': 0.000000 'geoid': 6378137.000000 0.081819 'mapparallels': 29.500000 45.500000 'nparallels': 2.000000 'origin': 37.500000 -113.000000 0.000000 'scalefactor': 1.000000 'trimlat': -90.000000 90.000000 'trimlon': -135.000000 135.000000 'CRSstring': 'PROJCRS["USA_Contiguous_Albers_Equal_Area_Conic",BASEGEOGCRS["NAD83",DATUM["North American Datum 1983",ELLIPSOID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,ANGLEUNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]]],CONVERSION["USA_Contiguous_Albers_Equal_Area_Conic",METHOD["Albers Equal Area",ID["EPSG",9822]],PARAMETER["Latitude of false origin",37.5,ANGLEUNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8821]],PARAMETER["Longitude of false origin",-113,ANGLEUNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8822]],PARAMETER["Latitude of 1st standard parallel",29.5,ANGLEUNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8823]],PARAMETER["Latitude of 2nd standard parallel",45.5,ANGLEUNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433],ID["EPSG",8824]],PARAMETER["Easting at false origin",0,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],ID["EPSG",8826]],PARAMETER["Northing at false origin",0,LENGTHUNIT["metre",1],ID["EPSG",8827]]],CS[Cartesian,2],AXIS["(E)",east,ORDER[1],LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],AXIS["(N)",north,ORDER[2],LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],USAGE[SCOPE["Not known."],AREA["United States (USA) - CONUS onshore - Alabama; Arizona; Arkansas; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Delaware; Florida; Georgia; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi; Missouri; Montana; Nebraska; Nevada; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New Mexico; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oklahoma; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Rhode Island; South Carolina; South Dakota; Tennessee; Texas; Utah; Vermont; Virginia; Washington; West Virginia; Wisconsin; Wyoming."],BBOX[24.41,-124.79,49.38,-66.91]],ID["ESRI",102003]]' Group '/Grid/MODIS_GRID_500m' Attributes: 'ReferencingMatrix': 3x2 H5T_FLOAT Dataset 'dust' Size: 4500x4500x365 MaxSize: 4500x4500x365 Datatype: H5T_STD_U16LE (uint16) ChunkSize: 4500x4500x1 Filters: deflate(9) FillValue: 65535 Attributes: 'divisor': 10.000000 Dataset 'grain_size' Size: 4500x4500x365 MaxSize: 4500x4500x365 Datatype: H5T_STD_U16LE (uint16) ChunkSize: 4500x4500x1 Filters: deflate(9) FillValue: 65535 Attributes: 'divisor': 1.000000 Dataset 'raw_snow_fraction' Size: 4500x4500x365 MaxSize: 4500x4500x365 Datatype: H5T_STD_U8LE (uint8) ChunkSize: 4500x4500x1 Filters: deflate(9) FillValue: 255 Attributes: 'divisor': 100.000000 Dataset 'shade_fraction' Size: 4500x4500x365 MaxSize: 4500x4500x365 Datatype: H5T_STD_U8LE (uint8) ChunkSize: 4500x4500x1 Filters: deflate(9) FillValue: 255 Attributes: 'divisor': 100.000000 Dataset 'snow_fraction' Size: 4500x4500x365 MaxSize: 4500x4500x365 Datatype: H5T_STD_U8LE (uint8) ChunkSize: 4500x4500x1 Filters: deflate(9) FillValue: 255 Attributes: 'divisor': 100.000000 To read all the snow cover values for 2021 use either fsca=h5read('2021.h5','/Grid/MODIS_GRID_500m/snow_fraction'); or use GetEndmember.m from the Git repository, e.g. fsca=GetEndmember('2021.h5','snow'); GetEndmember can also be used to retrieve a set of days without reading the entire cube, e.g., fsca_day=GetEndmember('2021.h5','snow',datenum([2021 4 1])); 4. Missing data codes: NaN 5. Specialized formats or other abbreviations used: https://www.hdfgroup.org/solutions/hdf5/